There was an error in the chart showing cavitation bubble size vs. ultrasonic frequency in the blog published on December 14, 2011. The bubble size was incorrect by an order of magnitude. The correction can be seen at Ultrasonics – Number and Size of Cavitation Bubbles I apologize for the error and any mis-understandings it …
Today’s ultrasonic transducers utilize either the piezoelectric or magnetostrictive effect of materials to produce ultrasonic waves in liquids. This blog will concentrate on the magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducer. Magnetostrictive Transducers – Magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducers utilize the principle of magnetostriction exhibited by “ferromagnetic” materials which include iron, nickel and cobalt as well as many alloys of these …
Preceding blogs have described the workings and principles of ultrasonic transducers. Today’s blog will summarize the information on piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers and give readers a view of what the real hardware looks like. An upcoming blog will concentrate on magnetostrictive hardware. Piezoelectric Transducers – Piezoelectric transducers, which may also be called electrostrictive transducers, nearly all …
The piezoelectric and magnetostrictive effects which drive ultrasonic transducers are capable of creating considerable force but only minimal displacement. In order to produce sound waves of sufficient amplitude (displacement) to cause cavitation in a liquid, some means must be used to increase the displacement produced by the primary piezoelectric or magnetostrictive effect. In both cases, the key to doing …
At the heart of any ultrasonic transducer is a means to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The use of piezoelectric materials to do this was discussed in a previous blog. Today’s blog will describe how magnetostrictive materials can also be used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Ultrasonic transducers using magnetostriction as a source of …
Today, the vast majority of transducers used for ultrasonic cleaning applications utilize the “piezoelectric” effect to transform electrical energy to mechanical motion. These devices are sometimes called “piezos” because they are driven by piezoelectric elements which are integral to the transducer. Piezoelectricity was discovered by Maria and Pierre Curie who also experimented with radioactivity and …
As Christmas is only a few days away, I would like to wish you a Happy Holiday Season on behalf of the Cleaning Technologies Group. I would also like to ask anyone who reads this to extend holiday greetings to everyone around you, especially those less fortunate. I, personally, am prone to “random acts of …
I have been spending a lot of time on the blog lately talking about the effects of sound waves. Today’s blog starts a series devoted to the way ultrasound is created and how it can be customized to provide the best ultrasonic cleaning results. The heart of an ultrasonic cleaning system is a device called …
A previous blog revealed that ultrasonic frequency has an effect on the removal of soluble contaminants. In general, lower frequency will be more effective in the removal of soluble contaminants. Today’s blog will discuss the effect of frequency on the removal of insoluble contaminants – ie. particles. As ultrasonic frequency is increased, two things happen. First, the …
Earlier blogs have explained the effect of frequency on the size of cavitation bubbles and where they are formed. Today’s will explain the effect of bubble size and location on removing soluble contaminants. Soluble Contaminants – The removal of soluble contaminants requires that solvent saturated with the contaminant being removed must be displaced from the solvent/contaminant …
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